{"id":674,"date":"2022-07-21T09:22:36","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T09:22:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/?p=674"},"modified":"2022-07-21T09:22:36","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T09:22:36","slug":"kilimo-bora-cha-nyanya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/kilimo-bora-cha-nyanya\/","title":{"rendered":"KILIMO BORA CHA NYANYA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-7Nv0_Uvfr8U\/V5YcfvZvL6I\/AAAAAAAABPo\/TD26pX2XIlYaTF4cgs99DxuNdVHu7GrMQCLcB\/s640\/tomato.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"404\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MAGONJWA NA WADUDU<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utangulizi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Karibu tena ndugu msomaji wa makala zetu ndani ya Green Agriculture , ni matumaini yetu kuwa makala zetu zimekuwa chachu ya kukufanya wewe mkulima na mwekezaji kwenye sekta ya kilimo ufanye shughuli zako kitaalamu zaidi na upate mavuno yenye tija kuendana na ushindani wa soko la mazao.<br>Leo tunazungunzia namna ya kukabidhiana na wadudu waharibifu na magojwa katika zao la nyanya, kwa kuanza kabisaNyanya ni zao la chakula na biashara. Kilimo cha zao hili hufanyika majira yote(masika na kiangazi), na faida hupatikana haraka na ni ya kuridhisha ikilinganishwa&nbsp;na mazao mengine. Pamoja na umuhimu wa zao hili, wadudu waharibifu na&nbsp;magonjwa huathiri uzalishaji na ubora wa matunda. Ili mkulima aweze kupata faida&nbsp;na kuongeza pato la kaya yake ni vema kuzingatia udhibiti wa magonjwa na wadudu&nbsp;wa zao hili. Makala hii inatoa maelezo ya udhibiti wa magonjwa na wadudu&nbsp;muhimu ya zao la Nyanya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MAGONJWA YA NYANYA<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bakajani chelewa (Late blight)<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-qGP9Ou8fZzw\/V5YXBasqd9I\/AAAAAAAABPE\/tcXqyLR7jEUISAH2_MNrzL0QvTQvIIV5wCLcB\/s640\/late%2Bblight.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ugonjwa huu huenenzwa na vimelea vya fangasi. Husababishwa na hali ya hewa hasa&nbsp;ya unyevunyevu, na huenezwa na upepo. Majani, shina, matunda hushambuliwa.&nbsp;Majani huwa na ukungu mweupe na kijivu, na baadaye hukauka. Matunda huwa na&nbsp;mabaka ya kahawia na baadaye kuoza. Mashina pia huwa na mabaka ya kikahawia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Udhibiti<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nyunyiza dawa ya kuzuia ukungu hasa wakati wa masika, Dawazinazopendekezwa ni Ridomil, Dithane 45, Bravo, Funguran, milraz.<\/li><li>&nbsp;Fanya mzunguko wa mazao. Usipande nyanya sehemu moja kila msimu aupalipolimwa mazao jamii ya nyanya km viazi mviringo, bilinganya, aina zoteza pilipili na nyanya chungu.<\/li><li>Tumia mbegu safi<\/li><li>Panda aina za nyanya zinazovumilia ugomjwa<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bakajani tangulia (Early blight)<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-TnujXDI9D1E\/V5YXAkcVCXI\/AAAAAAAABPA\/zRkC6qZzi3Q-CD92fp-i9qxL4vY2YF0xwCLcB\/s640\/Early_Blight_of_Tomato1687.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Huenezwa na vimelea vya fangasi. Husababishwa na kuenezwa na hali ya hewa<br>pamoja na mbegu zenye ugonjwa. Mabaka ya kahawia yenye mistari ya mviringo<br>huonekana kwenye majani na shina. Baka jeusi hutokea sehemu ya tunda&nbsp;inayoshikana na kikonyo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Udhibiti<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 Nyunyiza dawa ya Kocide, Funguran<br>\u00b7 Teketeza mabaka ya mazao baada ya kuvuna<br>\u00b7 Tumia mbegu safi na bora<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mnyauko fusari (Fusarium wilt)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-y46vhoRIByM\/V5YYjTWoIFI\/AAAAAAAABPQ\/D_lKA_103V08otd9OezSUfdf4EZRPm5BACLcB\/s640\/fusarium_wilt_race_3_3.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Huenezwa na mbegu zenye ugonjwa. Husambazwa na vimelea vya fungasi<br>vinavyoishi kwenye udongo.<br>Ugonjwa hujitokeza zaidi wakati wa kiangazi. Vimelea hushambulia sehemu au<br>mirija ya mmea ya kupitishia maji na chakula. Mmea hukosa maji na chakula na<br>hatimaye hunyauka. Shina la mmea likipasuliwa ndani huonekana rangi ya kikahawia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Tumia mbegu safi na bora<br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao. Nyanya zisizungushwe na mazao jamii yake<br>\u00b7 Teketeza masalia ya mimea<br>\u00b7 Choma kitalu cha nyanya kabla ya kusia mbegu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mnyauko bacteria (Bacterial wilt)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ugonjwa husababishwa na vimelea vya bacteria vinavyoishi kwenye udongo.Huenezwa na kusambazwa na mbegu na udongo wenye vimelea. Mirija ya mimea ya&nbsp;kupitishia maji na chakula hushambulia na mimea hunyauka ghafla. Mmea hukauka&nbsp;na kufa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 Panda mbegu safi<br>\u00b7 Panda nyanya sehemu ambayo haijawahi kupandwa viazi mviringo,&nbsp;bilinganya au nyanya chungu<br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao<br>\u00b7 Hakikisha mfereji wa maji ya kumwagilia hayapiti kwenye shamba lenye&nbsp;historia ya ugonjwa huu.<br>\u00b7 Choma kitalu(udongo) cha nyanya kabla ya kusia mbegu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mnyauko vetisili (Verticillum wilt)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-3puxd3fKclo\/V5Yae45LZNI\/AAAAAAAABPc\/ZlUiZuM_T14UPYjJLxpx6_35-fYUvj2xACLcB\/s640\/veritclum.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"483\" height=\"483\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Hakuna dawa inayozuia au kutibu ugonjwa huu kwa sasa. Ugonjwa husababishwa na&nbsp;ukungu (fangasi) kwenye udongo. Ukungu huu huishi kwenye udongo kwa muda&nbsp;mrefu bila kudhurika. Ugonjwa huongezeka ikiwa mizimizi ya nyanya&nbsp;imeshambuliwa na minyo fundo; au kukiwepo na hali ya ubaridi au ukame. Ugonjwa<br>husababisha hasara kubwa. Ugonjwa hushambulia sehemu ya ndani ya shina na&nbsp;kusababisha sehemu hiyo kuwa na rangi ya kijivu. Majani hugeuka njano na mimea&nbsp;kunyauka na kufa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao usiopungua miaka mine<br>\u00b7 Ondoa mabaki ya nyanya shambani<br>\u00b7 Tumia mbegu bora na safi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bakadoa (Bacterial spot)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ugonjwa huu huenezwa na vimelea vya bacteria vinavyoishi kwenye mbegu, pia&nbsp;kwenye hewa. Huenezwa kwa kasi sana wakati wa masika. Madoa ya rangi kahawia&nbsp;huonekana kwenye majani na matunda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Panda mbegu bora na safi<br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao<br>\u00b7 Teketeza masalia ya mazao<br>\u00b7 Nyunyizia dawa ya funguran, Kocide101, Cobox, Bravo&nbsp;Makovu bakteria (Bacterial canker)<br>Ugonjwa huenezwa na vimelea vya bacteria vinavyoishi kwenye mbegu na hewani.&nbsp;Hutokea zaidi wakati wa masika. Majani hukauka nchani na makovu yaliyodidimia&nbsp;hutokea kwenye shina. Matunda huwa na makovu yenye rangi ya kahawia sehemu ya<br>katikati.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Tumia mbegu bora na safi<br>\u00b7 Teketeza masalia ya mazao<br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rasta (Yellow leaf curl)<\/strong><br>Ugonjwa huu husababishwa na virusi na huenezwa na nzi wadogo weupe. Hutokea&nbsp;zaidi wakati wa kiangazi. Mimea hudumaa na majani yaliyoshambuliwa huwa na&nbsp;rangi ya manjano na pengine rangi ya zambarau. Nyanya hupasuka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Nyunyiza dawa za sumu za kuua wadudu (Selecron, Dursburn, Actelic)<br>\u00b7 Ng\u2019oa mimea yenye ugonjwa<br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao<br>\u00b7 Weka shamba katika hali ya usafi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Batobato (Tomato mosaic virus)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ugonjwa husababishwa na virusi na hueezwa na mbegu na kugusana. Majani huwa na&nbsp;mchanganyiko wa rangi hasa kijani kibichi na kijani kilichofifia (majano). Majani&nbsp;hujikunja na manjani machanga huwa na maumbile yasiyo kawaida. Ukifikisha jani&nbsp;huwa linavinjikavunjika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 Tumia mbegu bora na safi<br>\u00b7 Ng\u2019oa mimea iliyoshambuliwa<br>\u00b7 Teketeza masalia ya mazao<br>\u00b7 Weka shamba katika hali ya usafi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WADUDU WAHARIBIFU<br><strong>Viwavi Matunda (Fruit worm)<\/strong><br>Viwavi hawa hutokana na wadudu nondo. Viwavi hutoboa matunda na kuacha&nbsp;matundu na hatimaye matunda huoza. Hupunguza ubora wa matunda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>Nyunyizia dawa ya kuua wadudu. Dawa hizo ni pamoja na Actelic 50EC, Selectron,<br>Dursbaan, Maji ya majani ya mwarobaini au utupa pia huua wadudu.<br><strong>Utitiri wekundu (Red Spider mites)<\/strong><br>Hawa ni wadudu wekundu, wadogo sana wanaoweka utando chini ya majani, hasa&nbsp;wakati wa kiangazi. Wadudu hawa hufyonza utomvu kwenye majani na kusababisha&nbsp;majani kukauka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Nyunyizia dawa za sumu. Dawa hizo ni pamoja na Actellic, Selecron,<br>Dursbarn na Thionex<br>\u00b7 Mwagilia maji mara kwa mara<br>\u00b7 Weka shamba katika hali ya usafi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Inzi weupe (White flies)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hawa ni Inzi weupe wadogo sana. Hujitokeza sana wakati wa kiangazi. Hueneza&nbsp;ugonjwa wa virusi ujulikanao kama Rasta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>Nyunyizia dawa za sumu za kuulia wadudu kama Selecron, Actellic, Dursban na&nbsp;thionex. Pia maji ya majani ya mwarobaini na utupa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vidukari au Wadudu mafuta (Aphids)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ni wadudu wenye rangi nyeusi au kuijani au kahawia. Hukaa chini ya majani na&nbsp;kufyonza utomvu kwenye majani machanga. Hudumaza mmea na kushindwa kuzaa&nbsp;matunda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>Nyunyizia dawa za sumu za kuulia wadudu kama Rogor, Actellic, Selecron, Dursban&nbsp;maji ya majani ya mwarobaini na utupa au maji ya pilipili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Minyoo (Nematodes)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ni minyoo midogomidogo ambayo hushambulia mizizi na kuweka vifundo. Mizizi&nbsp;hushindwa kuchukua maji na chakula kwenye udongo. Mimea hudumaa na&nbsp;kushindwa kuzaa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><br>\u00b7 Tumia mzunguko wa mazao<br>\u00b7 Choma udongo wa kitalu kabla ya kusia mbegu kwa kutumia karatasi la&nbsp;plastiki jeusi na nishati ya jua<br>\u00b7 Choma masalia ya mazao<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sota (Cutworms)<\/strong><br>Hushambulia miche ya nyanya hasa baada ya kupandikizwa shambani. Wakati wa&nbsp;mchana hujificha kwenye udongo na usiku hujitokeza na kukata miche kwenye shina&nbsp;usawa wa udongo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Udhibiti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 Nyunyiza dawa za kuua wadudu kwenye shina usawa wa udongo<br>\u00b7 Hakikisha miche inapata maji ya kutosha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><br>Soma zaidi makala zetu kuhusu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\">Hatua za upandaji wa nyanya<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7501401375928537680\/9202838740636273200#\">Kilimo bora cha tikiti maji<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Engineer Octavian Lasway<\/strong><br>Green Agriculture Team&nbsp;<br>One Drop,More Production<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MAGONJWA NA WADUDU Utangulizi Karibu tena ndugu msomaji wa makala zetu ndani ya Green Agriculture , ni matumaini yetu kuwa makala zetu zimekuwa chachu ya kukufanya wewe mkulima na mwekezaji kwenye sekta ya kilimo ufanye shughuli zako kitaalamu zaidi na upate mavuno yenye tija kuendana na ushindani wa soko la mazao.Leo tunazungunzia namna ya kukabidhiana&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agronomy","item-inner"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=674"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/674\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/greenagriculturetz.com\/new\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}